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BACKGROUND: Hereditary spherocytosis (HS) is a chronic hemolytic anemia characterized by microspherocytes in the peripheral blood and increased erythrocyte osmotic fragility (EOF). This study evaluated the cryohemolysis test (CHT); initial hemolysis (IH); immediate and incubated hemolysis percentage in 5.5 g/L NaCl (H5.5); mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC); red blood cell distribution width (RDW); and Hb/MCHC, Hb/RDW, and MCHC/RDW ratios for the diagnosis of HS. METHODS: Data from 13 patients with HS were evaluated at the Instituto de Bioquímica Aplicada and compared with data from 14 unaffected individuals and 11 patients with anemia due to another etiology. Total blood and reticulocyte counts, CHT, and immediate and incubated EOF were performed in all subjects; sensitivity, specificity, efficiency, and Youden index (YI) were calculated. RESULTS: Eight patients with HS had MCHC ≥345 g/L, 10 had RDW ≥14.5%, 12 had IH >5.0 g/L, 11 had immediate H5.5 ≥5%, and 13 had incubated H5.5 ≥50% (the cut-off value to consider HS). The efficiency and YI were: immediate H5.5 (0.94–0.85), incubated H5.5 (0.89–0.82), IH (0.89–0.78), MCHC (0.87–0.62), CHT (0.84–0.54), and Hb/MCHC (0.71–0.56), respectively. The calculated ratios could distinguish subjects with HS from unaffected individuals (P 0.05). CONCLUSION: Although the CHT and supplementary hematimetric indexes were useful to differentiate individuals with SH from healthy controls, they cannot distinguish from anemias of other etiology. CHT and MCHC, in addition to EOF, are recommended for diagnosing HS patients because of their low cost and efficiency.
Subject(s)
Humans , Anemia , Anemia, Hemolytic , Diagnosis , Erythrocyte Indices , Erythrocytes , Hemolysis , Osmotic Fragility , Reticulocyte Count , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
AIM:To investigate the effects of hypoxia exposure on the structure and function of erythrocytes in rats at different time.METHODS:Male SD rats(n=40)were randomly divided into 5 groups,normal control group,1-week hypoxia group ,2-week hypoxia group ,3-week hypoxia group and 4-week hypoxia group ,with 8 rats per group.The rats in hypoxia groups were placed in the simulated 5800 m of high altitude in a hypobaric chamber for different time.The values of detected blood ,erythrocyte deformation index ,erythrocyte osmotic fragility ,erythrocyte oxygen dissociation ,e-rythrocyte apoptosis and bone marrow biopsy were determined.RESULTS:Compared with normal control group ,the red blood cell count ,hemoglobin content ,mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin significantly increased(P<0.01).Eversion rate of phosphatidylserine of erythrocytes increased.Oxygen half-saturation of hemoglobin increased(P<0.05).Bone marrow erythroid proliferation increased.The erythrocyte deformation index and erythrocyte osmotic fra-gility decreased significantly(P<0.01).In addition,oxygen dissociation curves shifted to the right.CONCLUSION:In the early stage of hypoxia ,compared with normal control group ,the changes of erythrocyte structure and function increase the oxygen supply to the tissue and are conducive to adapting to the plateau.However ,with the extension of hypoxia ,ex-cessive erythrocytosis results in thrombosis ,microcirculation disturbance and aggravating tissue hypoxia.
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Objective: To explore and analyze the reducing hemolytic effects of PEGylated puerarin (PEG-PUE) on erythrocytes induced by PUE in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)-deficient rats. Methods: The rat model with G6PD-deficiency was established via sc injecting 1% acetylphenyl-hydrazine. Then the G6PD-deficient erythrocyte suspension obtained from this rat model was used to evaluate the hemolytic effects of PUE and the reducing hemolytic effects of PEG-PUE via hemolytic activity and erythrocyte osmotic fragility assay. Results: It was found that PUE could cause a serious hemolysis to the erythrocyte suspension with the increase of drug concentration and the prolongation of drug incubation time, the hemolytic rate of PUE was up to 40%, while the addition of PEG-PUE to the erythrocyte suspension revealed no significant hemolysis. Additionally, the result of erythrocyte osmotic fragility indicated that PEG-PUE exerted a slight effect on the erythrocyte membranes, and the NaCl concentration that induced 50% hemolysis (32 mmol/L) was about one-third PUE. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that PEG-PUE could play a significant role in reducing the side effect of hemolysis induced by PUE. The low hemolytic activity of PEG-PUE makes it a favorable candidate for in vivo tests and PEG-PUE could also provide the useful insight for the further formulation development as an innovative drug. © 2013 Tianjin Press of Chinese Herbal Medicines.
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Objective: To investigate oxidative stress, hemoglobin percentage and erythrocyte osmotic fragility in various aging groups. Methods: A total of 200 healthy volunteers of both genders between age group 20-65 years were selected by random method. Determination of hemoglobin percentage was done employing modified cyanide method of Dacie and Lewis. The erythrocyte lysis was observed in hypotonic solution of buffered saline at varying concentrations and optical density was measured at 540 nm. The extent of lipid peroxidation in form of malondialdehyde was measured by thiobarbituric acid method. Results: The study found a significant decrease in hemoglobin percentage, increase in erythrocyte osmotic fragility and increased lipid peroxidation in form of malondialdehyde with increasing age. Conclusions: Supplementation of antioxidants may prevent the oxidative injury in elderly group of subjects.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate oxidative stress, hemoglobin percentage and erythrocyte osmotic fragility in various aging groups.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 200 healthy volunteers of both genders between age group 20-65 years were selected by random method. Determination of hemoglobin percentage was done employing modified cyanide method of Dacie and Lewis. The erythrocyte lysis was observed in hypotonic solution of buffered saline at varying concentrations and optical density was measured at 540 nm. The extent of lipid peroxidation in form of malondialdehyde was measured by thiobarbituric acid method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The study found a significant decrease in hemoglobin percentage, increase in erythrocyte osmotic fragility and increased lipid peroxidation in form of malondialdehyde with increasing age.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Supplementation of antioxidants may prevent the oxidative injury in elderly group of subjects.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Aging , Physiology , Erythrocytes , Chemistry , Hemoglobins , Lipid Peroxidation , Physiology , Malondialdehyde , Metabolism , Osmotic Fragility , Oxidative StressABSTRACT
El selenio es constituyente de la enzima antioxidante glutatión peroxidasa (GSH-Px; E.C.1.11.1.9). La deficiencia de selenio en bovinos disminuye la actividad sanguínea de GSH-Px, predisponiendo a las membranas celulares a sufrir un daño oxidativo. La susceptibilidad de los eritrocitos bovinos al estrés oxidativo puede estimarse mediante la prueba de fragilidad osmótica eritrocitaria (FOE). Con el propósito de evaluar la FOE en bovinos a pastoreo sobre praderas con bajo contenido en selenio, en diferentes periodos del año, se emplearon dos grupos de 16 vaquillas, que pastoreaban praderas con un contenido de selenio inferior a 0,04 ppm. En el mes de marzo, un grupo (Se+) fue suplementado con selenio (Deposel®) y el otro grupo (Se-) se mantuvo sin suplementación. Muestras de sangre fueron obtenidas de cada vaquilla previo a la suplementación y luego mensualmente en 10 ocasiones. La FOE se determinó utilizando la técnica descrita por Schalm. La actividad de GSH-Px se midió usando un reactivo comercial (Ransel®). La suplementación con selenio incrementó la actividad de GSH-Px a valores considerados adecuados (> 130 U/g Hb). En el grupo Se-, la actividad de GSH-Px fluctuó entre 60-100 U/g Hb. La FOE no registró diferencias entre grupos a la concentración de NaCl 0,55%; sin embargo, ambos grupos mostraron una disminución de la FOE, es decir un aumento en la resistencia de las membranas, desde septiembre, coincidente con el periodo de primavera en el hemisferio sur. Al parecer la pradera en este periodo favorece el aporte de nutrientes antioxidantes relevantes en la protección de las membranas.
Selenium is a part of antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px; E.C.1.11.1.9). In cattle, the selenium deficiency has been associated with decreased activity of glutathione peroxidase leading to an increase in oxidative damage of cells. The oxidative stress in erythrocytes from cows can be estimated by erythrocyte osmotic fragility test (EOF). To assess EOF as biomarker of oxidative stress in cattle grazing on pastures with low selenium content during different seasons of the year, two groups of sixteen heifers each were used. They were grazed on pastures with 0.04 ppm selenium content. In March one group (Se+) was supplemented with selenium (Deposel®) and another (Se-) was maintained unsupplemented. Blood samples were obtained from each heifer prior to supplementation and then one time each month for ten months. The EOF was determined using a technique described by Schalm. The GSH-Px activity was measured using a commercial kit (Ransel®). The GSH-Px activity was increased by selenium supplementation to adequate levels (> 130 U/g Hb). The GSH-Px activity in Se- group was 60-100 U/g Hb. No differences between groups were detected in the EOF values, at 0.55% NaCl concentration; however, both groups showed decreased EOF values after September, coincident with the spring season in the southern hemisphere. Seemingly in this period, the more rapidly growing pasture grass increased in levels of some others factors that lead to increased protection against oxidative damage to erythrocytes.